Permafrost Monthly Alerts (PMAs)

14055635 Aiken, George R. (U.S. Geological Survey, Boulder, CO); Spencer, Robert G. M.; Striegl, Robert G.; Schuster, Paul F. and Raymond, Peter A. Influences of glacier melt and permafrost thaw on the age of dissolved organic carbon in the Yukon River basin: Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 28(5), p. 525-537, illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map, 71 ref., May 2014.

Responses of near-surface permafrost and glacial ice to climate change are of particular significance for understanding long-term effects on global carbon cycling and carbon export by high-latitude northern rivers. Here we report D¹⁴C-dissolved organic carbon (DOC) values and dissolved organic matter optical data for the Yukon River, 15 tributaries of the Yukon River, glacial meltwater, and groundwater and soil water end-member sources draining to the Yukon River, with the goal of assessing mobilization of aged DOC within the watershed. Ancient DOC was associated with glacial meltwater and groundwater sources. In contrast, DOC from watersheds dominated by peat soils and underlain by permafrost was typically enriched in D¹⁴C indicating that degradation of ancient carbon stores is currently not occurring at large enough scales to quantitatively influence bulk DOC exports from those landscapes. On an annual basis, DOC exported was predominantly modern during the spring period throughout the Yukon River basin and became older through summer-fall and winter periods, suggesting that contributions of older DOC from soils, glacial meltwaters, and groundwater are significant during these months. Our data indicate that rapidly receding glaciers and increasing groundwater inputs will likely result in greater contributions of older DOC in the Yukon River and its tributaries in coming decades. Abstract Copyright (2014), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.

DOI: 10.1002/2013GB004764

14048886 Li Shuangyang (Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering, Lanzhou, China); Zhan, Hongbin; Lai Yuanming; Sun Zhizhong and Pei Wansheng. The coupled moisture-heat process of permafrost around a thermokarst pond in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau under global warming: Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, 119(F4), p. 836-853, illus. incl. 1 table, 34 ref., April 2014.

Due to environmental disturbances such as local human activity and global warming, melting of massive ground ice has resulted in thermokarst ponds, which are extensively distributed in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP). Besides the global warming, the thermokarst pond, as a major heat source, speeds up the moisture change and degradation of its surrounding permafrost. To analyze the long-term coupled moisture-heat process near a representative nonpenetrative thermokarst pond in a permafrost region, abundant temperature data over multiple years at different depths and horizontal distances from the center of the thermokarst pond have been collected at a field experimental station in QTP. A numerical model is built to analyze this thermokarst pond. The temperature and moisture processes of surrounding permafrost are simulated by this model and compared with measured temperature data. Our results show that if the rate of air temperature rise is 0.048°C/yr, which refers to a 2.4°C temperature rise over 50 years, the thawing fronts underneath the thermokarst pond move downward at a linear rate of 0.18 m/yr and the permafrost beneath the pond center would disappear after the year of 2281. Beyond that time, the impact range of the pond on the natural ground increases to about 50 m in horizontal direction. So a dish-shape thawing zone occurs around the thermokarst pond. Simultaneously, the moisture state is greatly changed in 2281 and becomes completely different from that in 2013. All of these would inevitably deteriorate the ecological and environmental system in QTP. Abstract Copyright (2014), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.

DOI: 10.1002/2013JF002930

14057860 Wu Qingbai (Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cold and Arid Region Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering, Lanzhou, China); Niu Fujun; Ma Wei and Liu Yongzhi. The effect of permafrost changes on embankment stability along the Qinghai-Xizang Railway: Environmental Earth Sciences, 71(8), p. 3321-3328, illus. incl. 2 tables, 20 ref., April 2014.

After construction of the Qinghai-Xizang Railway, the resultant heat exchange between soil and atmosphere caused changes in the thermal and mechanical stability of permafrost beneath the railway embankment. Monitoring from 2005 to 2010 indicated 12 sections of embankment that experienced more than 5 cm of settlement, with three showing deformations of more than 10 cm and signs of continuing settlement. Embankment stability is closely related to permafrost changes beneath the embankment. Large-scale deformations have contributed to permafrost thaw and artificial permafrost table deepening, and this deformation has not stabilized over the short term. In contrast, small-scale deformations have contributed to a warming of the permafrost that has gradually stabilized as soil temperature decreases. Only three sections of the Qinghai-Xizang Railway have exhibited settlement deformation that exceeds 10 cm, through a deepening of the artificial permafrost table and a gradual increase in permafrost thawing result in embankment settlement deformation. However, with climate warming trends and the long-term operation of the railway, the long-term thermal and mechanical stability of the embankment needs to be carefully monitored to ensure the safe operation of the Qinghai-Xizang Railway. Copyright 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

DOI: 10.1007/s12665-013-2718-z

14049860 Lu Zhengquan (Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Institute of Mineral Resources, Beijing, China); Zhu Youhai; Liu Hui; Zhang Yongqin; Jin Chunshuang; Huang Xia and Wang Pingkang. Gas source for gas hydrate and its significance in the Qilian Mountain permafrost, Qinghai: Marine and Petroleum Geology, 43, p. 341-348, illus. incl. 7 tables, geol. sketch maps, 42 ref., May 2013.

Gas source for gas hydrate is not clear yet in the Muli of Qilian Mountain permafrost. In this paper a case is illustrated in the hole of DK-2 during gas hydrate drilling; gas composition and isotopes of gas hydrate and its associated gases are analyzed; organic geochemistry on mudstone, oily shale, coal, oil & gas indications are correlated within the interval of gas hydrate occurrences; the aim is to discuss the source of gases from gas hydrate and its implication to gas hydrate exploration in the study area. Results from gas composition and isotopes of gas hydrate and its associated gases reveal that the origin of gases from gas hydrate is mainly concomitant with deep oil or crude oil in the study area. Parameters for the abundance, type and thermal evolution of organic matter in mudstone, oil shale, coal in the same interval of gas hydrate occurrence suggest that these strata, especially within gas hydrate stability zone, play little role in gas sources for gas hydrate. Reservoir pyrolysis results for oil & gas indication-bearing cores reveal that oil & gas indications are closely associated with gas hydrate within its interval, indicating that they may serve as a sign of gas hydrate in the study area. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V.

DOI: 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2013.01.003

14055456 Tesi, Tommaso (Stockholm University, Department of Applied Environmental Science, Stockholm, Sweden); Semiletov, Igor; Hugelius, Gustaf; Dudarev, Oleg; Kuhry, Peter and Gustafsson, Orjan. Composition and fate of terrigenous organic matter along the Arctic land-ocean continuum in east Siberia; insights from biomarkers and carbon isotopes: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 133, p. 235-256, illus. incl. sketch map, May 15, 2014.

Climate warming is predicted to translocate terrigenous organic carbon (TerrOC) to the Arctic Ocean and affect the marine biogeochemistry at high latitudes. The magnitude of this translocation is currently unknown, so is the climate response. The fate of the remobilized TerrOC across the Arctic shelves represents an unconstrained component of this feedback. The present study investigated the fate of permafrost carbon along the land-ocean continuum by characterizing the TerrOC composition in three different terrestrial carbon pools from Siberian permafrost (surface organic rich horizon, mineral soil active layer, and Ice Complex deposit) and marine sediments collected on the extensive East Siberian Arctic Shelf (ESAS). High levels of lignin phenols and cutin acids were measured in all terrestrial samples analyzed indicating that these compounds can be used to trace the heterogeneous terrigenous material entering the Arctic Ocean. In ESAS sediments, comparison of these terrigenous biomarkers with other TerrOC proxies (bulk d¹³C/D¹⁴C and HMW lipid biomarkers) highlighted contrasting across-shelf trends. These differences could indicate that TerrOC in the ESAS is made up of several pools that exhibit contrasting reactivity toward oxidation during the transport. In this reactive spectrum, lignin is the most reactive, decreasing up to three orders of magnitude from the inner- to the outer-shelf while the decrease of HMW wax lipid biomarkers was considerably less pronounced. Alternatively, degradation might be negligible while sediment sorting during the across-shelf transport could be the major physical forcing that redistributes different TerrOC pools characterized by different matrix-association. Despite the marked decrease shown by lignin, the fingerprint of lignin phenols such as the acid:aldehyde ratio of vanillyl and syringyl phenols showed a lack of any across-shelf trends and exhibited an extremely wide range of values in all terrestrial samples. By contrast, the 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic:vanillyl phenols ratio exhibited a clear across-shelf trend suggesting either increasing degradation with distance from the coast or TerrOC sorting along the sediment dispersal system. The ratio of syringyl:vanillyl phenols indicated that gymnosperm tissues are more important than angiosperm tissues in surface sediments, in particular off the Lena River mouth, consistent with the vegetation in its watershed. Conversely, the fingerprint of p-hydroxybenzenes suggests lack of substantial input of moss-derived material. Finally, autochthonous lipid- and protein-derived CuO reaction products displayed a strong along-shelf gradient likely reflecting the inflow of nutrient-rich Pacific waters from the Bering Strait that stimulate primary productivity in the eastern ESAS. In particular short-chain fatty acids showed a clear frontal/transition zone between Pacific-influenced and river-influenced waters approximately along the 160°E longitude. Considering the labile nature of phytoplankton, priming and co-metabolism processes might stimulate degradation of TerrOC in the easternmost region of the Siberian shelf. This study demonstrated the need to consider multiple TerrOC proxies at isotopic/molecular levels to differentiate the fate for different allocthonous components in Arctic sediments and the need to assess how these TerrOC pools are distributed in different density, size, and settling fractions to better discriminate between the extent of hydrodynamic sorting versus degradation. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V.

DOI: 10.1016/j.gca.2014.02.045

14055326 Zakharova, Elena A. (University of Toulouse III, Laboratoire d'Etudes en Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiales, Toulouse, France); Kouraev, Alexei V.; Rémy, Frédérique; Zemtsov, Valeri A. and Kirpotin, Sergey N. Seasonal variability of the western Siberia wetlands from satellite radar altimetry: Journal of Hydrology, 512, p. 366-378, illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch maps, 49 ref., May 6, 2014.

Boreal wetlands play an important role in the global water and carbon cycle but their water regime is far from being well understood. The aim of this paper is to study wetland hydrological regime over the 21 mid-size watersheds of the Western Siberia - one of the most bogged regions of the world. By using ENVISAT RA-2 radar altimetry data we analyze seasonal variability of wet zones extent, water level and storage in wetlands. We have identified three main types of wetland water regime characterized by: (1) spring inundation and following deep drainage with/without secondary peak in autumn; (2) spring inundation and low summer variation; (3) spring inundation with medium summer drainage and second autumnal peak. Our estimates show that the floodplain inundation contributes less than 8% to the total wet zones extent. Analysis of the timing of melt and freeze onset and other specific phases of hydrological regime has been done. It was found that the spring inundation lasts for almost 2 months with a latitudinal gradient of melt onset of 8 days/2°. No considerable latitudinal gradient has been found for dates of full freeze onset. Our results show that seasonal amplitude of water level variation for northern part of Western Siberia from altimetry is 0.7-1.5 m for lakes and 0.2-0.5 m for bogs. This represents seasonal variation of wetland water storage of 480 mm for non-permafrost and 130 mm for permafrost-affected zones. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.03.002

14048882 Scheidegger, J. M. (University of East Anglia, School of Environmental Sciences, Norwich, United Kingdom) and Bense, V. F. Impacts of glacially recharged groundwater flow systems on talik evolution: Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, 119(F4), p. 758-778, illus. incl. 1 table, 38 ref., April 2014.

Most currently permafrost-covered landscapes underwent fundamental shifts in the hydrogeological and the thermal regime as a result of deglaciation after the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). The transient effects of heat and fluid flow associated with retreating ice sheets are important to consider for the present-day hydrogeology of these regions. In this paper, we use numerical models to evaluate the evolution of taliks underneath proglacial lakes during deglaciation. In our models, the hydrological and thermal boundary conditions at the lake site are constraint by the hydrogeological impacts of ice sheet dynamics since the LGM. During the LGM, the ground surface was insulated from air temperatures, and as a result, there was no permafrost underneath the wet-based ice. Subsequently, ice sheet retreat led to an exposure of a proglacial area to subzero air temperatures and the formation of permafrost. Where proglacial lakes form, discharge of deeper groundwater becomes focused. In this scenario, subpermafrost groundwater flow is driven by a combination of direct subglacial recharge and elevated hydraulic heads preserved in that part of the aquifer. Advective heat flow can delay or prevent through taliks from freezing as function of aquifer properties. The presence and evolution of through taliks in thick permafrost can create complex and transient hydrogeological phenomena. Abstract Copyright (2014), . American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.

DOI: 10.1002/2013JF002894

14057235 Monnier, Sébastien (Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Aridas, La Serena, Chile); Camerlynck, Christian; Rejiba, Faycal; Kinnard, Christophe and Galibert, Pierre-Yves. Evidencing a large body of ice in a rock glacier, Vanoise Massif, northern French Alps: Geografiska Annaler. Series A: Physical Geography, 95(2), p. 109-123, illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map, 52 ref., June 2013.

The Sachette rock glacier is an active rock glacier located between 2660 and 2480 m a.s.l. in the Vanoise Massif, Northern French Alps (45° 29' N, 6° 52' E). In order to characterize its status as permafrost feature, shallow ground temperatures were monitored and the surface velocity measured by photogrammetry. The rock glacier exhibits near-surface thermal regimes suggesting permafrost occurrence and also displays significant surface horizontal displacements (0.6-1.3 ± 0.6 m yr^-1). In order to investigate its internal structure, a ground-penetrating radar (GPR) survey was performed. Four constant-offset GPR profiles were performed and analyzed to reconstruct the stratigraphy and model the radar wave velocity in two dimensions. Integration of the morphology, the velocity models and the stratigraphy revealed, in the upper half of the rock glacier, the good correspondence between widespread high radar wave velocities (>0.15-0.16 m ns^-1) and strongly concave reflector structures. High radar wave velocity (0.165-0.170 m ns^-1) is confirmed with the analysis of two punctual common mid-point measurements in areas of exposed shallow pure ice. These evidences point towards the existence of a large buried body of ice in the upper part of the rock glacier. The rock glacier was interpreted to result from the former advance and decay of a glacier onto pre-existing deposits, and from subsequent creep of the whole assemblage. Our study of the Sachette rock glacier thus highlights the rock glacier as a transitional landform involving the incorporation and preservation of glacier ice in permafrost environments with subsequent evolution arising from periglacial processes. Abstract Copyright (2012), Swedish Society for Anthropology and Geography.

DOI: 10.1111/geoa.12004

14053686 Ballantyne, Colin K. (University of Saint Andrews, School of Geography and Geosciences, Saint Andrews, United Kingdom); Wilson, Peter; Gheorghiu, Delia and Rodés, Àngel. Enhanced rock-slope failure following ice-sheet deglaciation; timing and causes: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 39(7), p. 900-913, illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map, 118 ref., June 15, 2014.

The temporal pattern of rock-slope failures (RSFs) following Late Pleistocene deglaciation on tectonically stable terrains is controversial: previous studies variously suggest (1) a rapid response due to removal of supporting ice ("debuttressing"), (2) a progressive decline in RSF frequency, and (3) a millennial-scale delay before peak RSF activity. We test these competing models through beryllium-10 (¹⁰Be) exposure dating of five closely-spaced quartzite RSFs on the Isle of Jura, Scotland, to establish the relationship between timing of failure and those of deglaciation, episodes of rapid warming and periods of rapid glacio-isostatic uplift. All five dated RSFs occurred at least 720-2240 years after deglaciation, with the probability of failure peaking ~2 ka after deglaciation, consistent with millennial-scale delay model (3). This excludes debuttressing as an immediate cause of failure, though it is likely that time-dependent stress release due to deglacial unloading resulted in progressive development of failure planes within the rock. Thaw of permafrost ice in joints is unlikely to have been a prime trigger of failure as some RSFs occurred several centuries after the onset of interstadial warming. Conversely, the timespan of the RSFs coincides with the period of maximum glacio-isostatic crustal uplift, suggesting that failure was triggered by uplift-driven seismic events acting on fractured rock masses. Implications of this and related research are: (1) that retreat of the last Pleistocene ice sheets across tectonically-stable mountainous terrains was succeeded by a period of enhanced rock-slope failure due to deglacial unloading and probably uplift-driven seismicity; (2) that the great majority of RSFs in the British Isles outside the limits of Loch Lomond Stadial (= Younger Dryas) glaciation are of Lateglacial (pre-Holocene) age; and (3) numerous RSFs must also have occurred inside Loch Lomond Stadial (LLS) glacial limits, but that runout debris was removed by LLS glaciers. Abstract Copyright (2010), John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

DOI: 10.1002/esp.3495

14048319 Hoyer, A. S. (Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Copenhagen, Denmark); Jorgensen, F.; Piotrowski, J. A. and Jakobsen, P. R. Deeply rooted glaciotectonism in western Denmark; geological composition, structural characteristics and the origin of Varde Hill-Island: JQS. Journal of Quaternary Science, 28(7), p. 683-696, illus. incl. sects., strat. cols., geol. sketch maps, 77 ref., October 2013. Includes appendix.

We investigate a hill-island in western Denmark, a major cupola-hill-type thrust complex generated by ice-marginal glaciotectonism. The study uses a unique dataset of densely spaced airborne electromagnetic data, high-resolution seismic data and borehole information to document the complexity of deeply rooted thrust sheets comprising Miocene to middle Pleistocene deposits. The deformation spans at least 150 m of sediment thickness, placing this complex among the largest glaciotectonic features on record. The main stages of formation of the hill-island were (1) erosion of Miocene deposits by subglacial tunnel valleys and infill of these valleys in the pre-Elsterian and Elsterian time, (2) two phases of glaciotectonic thrusting during the Saalian glaciation, (3) erosion by the Saalian ice sheet removing a significant part of the thrust complex and (4) periglacial and postglacial erosion of the hill-island excavating the glaciotectonic elements. Paleoglaciological calculations suggest that the Saalian ice sheet that caused the thrusting was thick, had a steep profile, rested on a permafrost wedge and moved slowly, which contrasts with the highly mobile, thin ice lobes of the Last Glaciation. Abstract Copyright (2010), John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

DOI: 10.1002/jqs.2667

14047532 Macdonald, Robie W. (Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Institute of Ocean Sciences, Sidney, BC, Canada) and Gobeil, Charles. Manganese sources and sinks in the Arctic Ocean with reference to periodic enrichments in basin sediments: in A tribute to Bjorn Sundby and his zest for life and science (Magen, Cedric, prefacer; et al.), Aquatic Geochemistry, 18(6), p. 565-591, illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch maps, 96 ref., November 2012.

Between 1990 and 2007, twenty-nine box cores were recovered within the Arctic Ocean spanning shelf, slope and basin locations, and analyzed for aluminum (Al), manganese (Mn), other inorganic components and organic carbon (C_Org). Using these core data together with literature values, we have constructed budgets for Al and Mn in the Arctic Ocean. Most of the Al and Mn entering the Arctic comes from rivers or coastal erosion, and almost all of these two elements is trapped within the Arctic. Total Mn distributions in sediments reflect the recycling and loss of much of the Mn from shelf sediments with ultimate burial over the slopes and in basins. Mn enrichments observed as bands in long cores from the basins appear to co-occur with inter-glacial periods. Our Mn budget suggests that change in sea level associated with the accumulation and melting of glaciers is a likely cause for the banding. The Arctic Ocean, which presently contains as much as 50% shelf area, loses most of that when global sea level falls by »120 m during glacial maxima. With lower sea level, Mn input from rivers and coastal erosion declines, and inputs become stored in permafrost on the sub-aerial shelves or at the shelf margin. Sea-level rise re-establishes coastal erosion and large riverine inputs at the margin and initiates the remobilization of Mn stored on shelves by turning on algal productivity, which provides the C_Org required to reduce sedimentary Mn oxyhydroxides. Copyright 2012 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht and 2011 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.

DOI: 10.1007/s10498-011-9149-9

14048552 Shmakin, Aleksandr B. (Rossiskaya Akademiya Nauk, Institut Geografii, Moscow, Russian Federation); Osokin, N. I.; Sosnovskiy, A. V.; Zazovskaya, E. P. and Borzenkova, A. V. Vliyaniye snezhnogo pokrova na promerzaniye i protaivaniye grunta na Zapadnom Shpitsbergene [Influence of snow cover on soil freezing and thawing in West Spitsbergen]: Led i Sneg = Ice and Snow, 124, p. 52-59 (English sum.), illus., 10 ref., 2013.

This paper presents the results of experimental research of snow cover influence on ground freezing/thawing in Svalbard. Observations show that even before the snow disappearance ground thaws for dozens of centimeters that increases the thaw depth later in the season. Under the snow cover of 40 cm the thaw depth can reach 35-50 cm. The thawing can be caused by melt water with slightly positive temperature, percolating under the snow cover near the ground surface. The data on ground temperature regime during a year under various snow depths are given. Under a shallow snow cover the ground cools significantly, and this process causes the slowing down subsequent thawing.

14057863 Chen Youliang (University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Department of Civil Engineering, Shanghai, China); Ni Jing; Jiang Lihao; Liu Mingliang; Wang Peng and Azzam, Rafig. Experimental study on mechanical properties of granite after freeze-thaw cycling: Environmental Earth Sciences, 71(8), p. 3349-3354, illus. incl. 3 tables, 14 ref., April 2014.

It is important to understand the effect of freeze-thaw cycles on the mechanical properties of rocks. In this paper, the variation of the uniaxial compressive strength, peak strain, elastic modulus and stress-strain curves of granite subjected to freeze-thaw cycles with different heating temperatures were studied experimentally and the relationships were derived. As the number of freeze-thaw cycles increases, the compressive strength and elastic modulus decrease, while the peak strain decreases. In addition, an increased temperature increases the peak strain while decreasing the compressive strength and elastic modulus. An expression for the initial damage for the adopted rock material due to freeze-thaw cycling was proposed based on the Loland model. The current research has established a solid foundation for further experimental studies on the fatigue behavior of granite after freeze-thaw cycling. Copyright 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

DOI: 10.1007/s12665-013-2725-0

14048653 Li, Qiang (University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada); Xing, Zisheng; Danielescu, Serban; Li, Sheng; Jiang, Yefang and Meng, Fan-Rui. Data requirements for using combined conductivity mass balance and recursive digital filter method to estimate ground water recharge in a small watershed, New Brunswick, Canada: Journal of Hydrology, 511, p. 658-664, illus. incl. 6 tables, 26 ref., April 16, 2014.

Estimation of baseflow and groundwater recharge rates is important for hydrological analysis and modelling. A new approach which combines recursive digital filter (RDF) model with conductivity mass balance (CMB) method was considered to be reliable for baseflow separation because the combined method takes advantages of the reduced data requirement for RDF method and the reliability of CMB method. However, it is not clear what the minimum data requirements for producing acceptable estimates of the RDF model parameters are. In this study, 19-year record of stream discharge and water conductivity collected from the Black Brook Watershed (BBW), NB, Canada were used to test the combined baseflow separation method and assess the variability of parameters in the model over seasons. The data requirements and potential bias in estimated baseflow index (BFI) were evaluated using conductivity data for different seasons and/or resampled data segments at various sampling durations. Results indicated that the data collected during ground-frozen season are more suitable to estimate baseflow conductivity (C_bf) and data during snow-melting period are more suitable to estimate runoff conductivity (C_ro). Relative errors of baseflow estimation were inversely proportional to the number of conductivity data records. A minimum of six-month discharge and conductivity data is required to obtain reliable parameters for current method with acceptable errors. We further found that the average annual recharge rate for the BBW was 322mm in the past twenty years. Abstract Copyright (2014) Elsevier, B.V.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.01.073

14051566 Soreghan, Gerilyn S. (University of Oklahoma, School of Geology and Geophysics, Norman, OK); Sweet, Dustin E. and Heavens, Nicholas G. Upland glaciation in tropical Pangaea; geologic evidence and implications for the late Paleozoic climate modeling: Journal of Geology, 122(2), p. 137-163, illus. incl. 2 tables, geol. sketch maps, 203 ref., March 2014.

The late Paleozoic archives a prolonged icehouse, long recognized by means of Gondwanan continental glaciation. In contrast, the paleotropics have long been considered warm. Here we present the hypothesis of upland glaciation in the Ancestral Rocky Mountains (ARM) of western equatorial Pangaea, a region located within 11° of the paleoequator. The data to support this hypothesis include (a) a Permo-Pennsylvanian valley with glacial attributes and diamictite exhibiting rare striated clasts; (b) coarse-grained lacustrine strata onlapping the valley and preserving lonestones in Gilbert-type deltaic deposits proximally, along with (c) coarse-grained fluvial siliciclastic strata with microstriae and evidence for widespread flood deposition; (d) polygonally cracked paleosurfaces inferred to reflect frozen ground; and (e) voluminous paleoloess. Tropical glaciation occurs today at altitudes >4500 m and descended to 2100-3000 m at the last glacial maximum (LGM). However, ARM depositional systems terminating at sea level and emanating from inferred ice-contact facies indicate that ice-terminus elevations were lower (<1200-1600 m) than those of the LGM. If valid, tropical temperatures were -15°C cooler than today during intervals recording hypothesized tropical glacial conditions. This implies at least episodic cold within western tropical Pangaea, which conflicts with inferences from oxygen isotope paleothermometry. Furthermore, climate models for the late Paleozoic cannot reproduce tropical upland glaciation except under prohibitively low P_CO2, implying the need to consider other forcings, such as cloud and aerosol behavior. Upland glaciation in the Permo-Pennsylvanian tropics was potentially widespread, given the global orogenesis accompanying Pangaean assembly. However, testing this hypothesis requires identification of pro- and periglacial indicators, owing to widespread erosion of upland (glaciated) regions. Midlatitude glaciation in both hemispheres also was likely, challenging climate models and paleogeographic consensus for this period.

DOI: 10.1086/675255

14048593 Davies, Kimberley (University of Southampton, Palaeoenvironmental Laboratory, Southampton, United Kingdom). Investigating modern calibrations for methane in high-latitude thermokarst lakes: Quaternary Newsletter, 132, p. 50-52, illus., 4 ref., February 2014.

14057228 Kacprzak, Andrzej (Jagiellonian University, Institute of Geography and Spatial Management, Crakow, Poland); Migon, Piotr and Musielok, Lukasz. Using soils as indicators of past slope instability in forested terrain, Kamienne Mts., SW Poland: Geomorphology, 194, p. 65-75, illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch maps, 41 ref., July 15, 2013.

The Kamienne Mts. in SW Poland abound in geomorphic evidence for past landslides developed at the rhyolite/sedimentary rock contact, but it remains unknown when the displacements occurred. The slopes generally have been stable in the last 200 years or so, covered by historical records. In this paper we use the presence of periglacial solifluction layers (cover-beds) and soil characteristics as indicators of the status of hillslopes and relative age of landslides. We follow an assumption that if landslides predate the Holocene, then solifluction layers should be present and soils within and outside landslide-affected slopes should have similar characteristics, allowing for differences caused by local factors. Cover-beds are not expected to be associated with Holocene landslides. Differences in the degree of soil development may be used to argue for different ages of some landslides within the Holocene. The absence of solifluction layers cannot always be regarded as the evidence of post-Pleistocene landsliding since such a layer is unlikely to have ever formed on densely jointed, but otherwise strong, rhyolite. Soil morphological properties, particularly horizonation, helped to establish the relative chronology of mass movement and to recognize both early to mid-Holocene and late Holocene landslides. Soils are good relative-dating tools and their usage does not necessarily require adherence to any particular soil classification system. This is because morphological features of entire profiles provide more information than diagnostic properties used in these systems. Abstract Copyright (2013) Elsevier, B.V.

DOI: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2013.04.014

14057237 Mahaney, William C. (Quaternary Surveys, Tornhill, ON, Canada) and Kalm, Volli. Middle-late Holocene paleoclimate and weathering history in the Norra Storfjället Mountains, Sweden; deglacial record and soil stratigraphy applied to neoglaciation in lower latitudes: Geografiska Annaler. Series A: Physical Geography, 95(2), p. 145-158, illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map, 35 ref., June 2013.

The retreat record of the Stabre Glacier into the Norra Storfjallet mountains, after separation from the massive Tarnaan Glacier at some undetermined time in the Atlantic Chron, is documented by recessional moraines in the foreland. While poorly constrained by radiometric dating, the age of the middle group of moraines averages out to less than 4000 cal ¹⁴C yr BP, the older moraine group probably of Late Atlantic age, with the youngest deposits of Little Ice Age (LIA). Soils/paleosols range from Entisols (youngest) and Inceptisols (middle group) to mature Spodosols (outer group), existing either as single-story profiles or within pedostratigraphic columns, buried pedons either surfaced with weathered glacial or mass wasted deposits. Some profiles exhibit convoluted properties which could place them in the Cryosolic order. The physico-mineral-chemical properties of soils/paleosols in recessional deposits across this sequence provide weathering indices over the mid to Late Holocene in the Swedish sub-Arctic climate. It is likely the middle group of deposits represents stillstand of the retreating glacier offset by climatic deterioration with the onset of Early Neoglacial climate which altered the glacial mass balance, at least until termination of the LIA. Correlation to other alpine areas in the middle and tropical latitudes with similar records is attempted and discussed. While the Stabre Glacier disappeared after the LIA, the nearby Tarna Glacier remains extant on the land surface, a presumed result of slight elevation differences between the two cirques which affects storm tracks and resultant variations in glacial mass balances. Abstract Copyright (2013), Swedish Society for Anthropology and Geography.

DOI: 10.1111/geoa.12008

14050122 Iwata, Yukiyoshi (National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Hokkaido Agricultural Research Center, Memuro, Japan); Yazaki, Tomotsugu; Suzuki, Shinji and Hirota, Tomoyoshi. Water and nitrate movements in an agricultural field with different soil frost depths; field experiments and numerical simulation: in Seasonal snow and ice; Part 2 (Lepparanta, Matti, prefacer), Annals of Glaciology, 54(62, Part 2), p. 157-165, illus., 40 ref., 2013.

To evaluate water and anion movement in an agricultural field in different frost conditions, a paired-plot field experiment was conducted at an agricultural site in northern Japan where a significant decrease in the frost depth has occurred during the past 20 years. Snow cover was removed to enhance soil freezing in one plot (treated plot), whereas natural conditions were maintained in a control plot. The maximum frost depth was 0.43 m in the treated plot and 0.11 m in the control plot, which induced substantial differences in water movement throughout the winter. A substantial amount of water moved upward before the onset of snowmelt. However, nitrate did not move markedly before the snowmelt period in either plot. The amount of snowmelt infiltration in the control plot was larger than in the treated plot. Correspondingly, the peak of nitrate content in the control plot was deeper than that in the treated plot after the snowmelt period. Soil freezing, snow accumulation and snowmelt processes were simulated reasonably well using a one-dimensional numerical model: Simultaneous Heat and Water (SHAW). Nevertheless, the model performed poorly for simulating soil thawing and soil water movement, suggesting a need for improvement.

DOI: 10.3189/2013AoG62A204

14047957 Skupin, Klaus. Fossile Eiskeilnetze und Frostbodenstrukturen im Raum Viersen- Krefeld (Kempener Platte) [Fossil ice-wedge polygons and frost soil structures in the Viersen-Krefeld area (Kempen plat)]: Natur am Niederrhein, 27(1-2), p. 17-26, 35 ref., 2012.

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14052533 Whiticar, M. (University of Victoria, School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Victoria, BC, Canada); Bhatti, J. and Startsev, N. Increasing greenhouse gas emissions in circumpolar regions due to climate change-induced permafrost retreat [abstr.]: in Goldschmidt abstracts 2013, Mineralogical Magazine, 77(5), p. 2488, 1 ref., 2013. Meeting: Goldschmidt 2013, Aug. 25-30, 2013, Florence, Italy.

Thawing permafrost peatlands substantially influence northern ecosystems by changing the regional hydrology and mobilizing the vast carbon (C) reserves that results in increased greenhouse gas (GHGs) emissions to the atmosphere. With permafrost distribution controlled largely by topography and climate, our IPY study intensively monitored the local C-cycling processes and GHG fluxes associated with different hydrologic and permafrost environments at 4 sites along a latitudinal climatic gradient of mid-boreal, boreal, low and high subarctic ecoclimatic regions that extend south-north from the Isolated Patches Permafrost Zone (northern Alberta), to the Continuous Permafrost Zone (Inuvik, NWT). Each site encompasses a local hydrologic and vegetation gradient from upland forest and peat plateau to collapse scar. Our multi-year measurements of peatland profiles and flux chambers for CH₄ and CO₂ concentrations and stable isotope ratios indicate processes, including methanogenesis, methanotrophy, transport and emission that control the distribution of these GHGs. These relationships are modulated by fluctuating local soil water and ecosystem conditions. The gas geochemistry shows that significant surface CH₄ production occurs by both hydrogenotrophic and methyl-fermentative methanogenesis in submerged, anaerobic peats, e.g., collapse scars, whereas methane oxidation is restricted to aerobic, drier environments, e.g., upland sites and peat-atmosphere interface. The most active methanogenesis and emissions are in the actively thawing permafrost sites contrasting with those under continuous permafrost. This degree of methanogenesis is being amplified by the increased rate of warming and the rapid retreat of permafrost in Canada's northern areas (ca. 2.5 km/yr). For context, the present permafrost and GHG emission situation is compared with the rapid rises in temperature, CH₄ and CO₂ concentrations during the Younger Dryas-Preboreal transition (~11.5yBP). Our pCH₄ and d¹³CH₄ work [1] on Pakitsoq, Greenland ice show that the rapid rise in pCH₄ during YD-PB is unlikely to have been due to massive marine gas hydrate release ('clathrate gun'), but that CH₄ from permafrost retreat after Last Glacial Maximum is a plausible explanation.

DOI: 10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.23

14057805 Doetsch, Joseph (Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark); Christiansen, Anders Vest; Auken, Esben; Fiandaca, Gianluca and Ingeman-Nielsen, Thomas. Monitoring of active layer refreezing in Greenlandic permafrost [abstr.]: in GELMON 2013; 2nd international workshop on Geoelectrical monitoring; collection of abstracts (Gruber, Stefanie, editor; et al.), Berichte der Geologischen Bundesanstalt, 104, p. 28, 2013. Meeting: 2nd international workshop on Geoelectrical monitoring, Dec. 4-6, 2013, Vienna, Austria.

14057835 Flores Orozco, Adrian (Technische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria); Hilbich, Christin; Kemna, Andreas and Hauck, Christian. Data error quantification for improved time-lapse ERT monitoring of alpine permafrost [abstr.]: in GELMON 2013; 2nd international workshop on Geoelectrical monitoring; collection of abstracts (Gruber, Stefanie, editor; et al.), Berichte der Geologischen Bundesanstalt, 104, p. 61, 2013. Meeting: 2nd international workshop on Geoelectrical monitoring, Dec. 4-6, 2013, Vienna, Austria.

14057804 Hilbich, Christin (University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland); Flores-Orozco, Adrian; Kemna, Andreas and Hauck, Christian. Automatic ERT monitoring in permafrost areas; logistical challenges and high-resolution process analysis [abstr.]: in GELMON 2013; 2nd international workshop on Geoelectrical monitoring; collection of abstracts (Gruber, Stefanie, editor; et al.), Berichte der Geologischen Bundesanstalt, 104, p. 27, 2013. Meeting: 2nd international workshop on Geoelectrical monitoring, Dec. 4-6, 2013, Vienna, Austria.

14057836 Jochum, Birgit (Geological Survey of Austria, Vienna, Austria); Ottowitz, David; Pfeiler, Stefan; Supper, Robert; Keuschnig, Markus; Hartmeyer, Ingo and Kim, Jung-Ho. Highlights from two years of geoelectrical monitoring of permafrost at the Magnetköpfl/Kitzsteinhorn [abstr.]: in GELMON 2013; 2nd international workshop on Geoelectrical monitoring; collection of abstracts (Gruber, Stefanie, editor; et al.), Berichte der Geologischen Bundesanstalt, 104, p. 62, 2013. Meeting: 2nd international workshop on Geoelectrical monitoring, Dec. 4-6, 2013, Vienna, Austria.

14054573 Schorghoefer, N. (University of Hawaii, NASA Astrobiology Institute and Institute for Astronomy, Honolulu, HI); Hermalyn, B. and Yoshikawa, K. Permafrost enabling microclimates in craters on Manuna Kea, Hawaii: in 44th lunar and planetary science conference, Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 44, Paper 1695, illus., 13 ref., 2013. Meeting: 44th lunar and planetary science conference, March 18-22, 2013, Woodlands, TX. Accessed on Jan. 10, 2014.

URL: http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2013/pdf/1695.pdf

14057806 Tomaskovicova, Sonia (Technical University of Denmark, Department of Civil Engineering, Lyngby, Denmark) and Ingeman-Nielsen, Thomas. Comparison of alternative electrode types for improvement of electrode-ground coupling in highly-resistive environment; experience from the time lapse geoelectrical station for high-latitude permafrost monitoring, Ilulissat, West Greenland [abstr.]: in GELMON 2013; 2nd international workshop on Geoelectrical monitoring; collection of abstracts (Gruber, Stefanie, editor; et al.), Berichte der Geologischen Bundesanstalt, 104, p. 29, 2013. Meeting: 2nd international workshop on Geoelectrical monitoring, Dec. 4-6, 2013, Vienna, Austria.

14049772 Bartsch, Annett (Vienna University of Technology, Institute of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Vienna, Austria); Hogstrom, Elin; Heim, Birgit; Buchhorn, Marcel; Ottle, Catherine; Maignan, Fabienne; Fily, Michel and Delbart, Nicolas. Remote sensing and multi-scale integration for investigating 'Changing permafrost in the Arctic and its global effects in the 21st century, PAGE21' [abstr.]: in The 12th international circumpolar remote sensing symposium; polar regions in transformation; climatic change and anthropogenic pressures; book of abstracts (Colpaert, Alfred, editor; et al.), University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland, p. 33-34, 2012. WWW. Meeting: 12th international circumpolar remote sensing symposium, May 14-18, 2012, Levi, Finland. Accessed on March 5, 2013.

URL: http://alaska.usgs.gov/science/geography/CRSS2012/abstracts2012.pdf

14048156 Bense, V. F. (University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom); Kooi, H.; Ferguson, Grant and Read, T. Permafrost degradation as a control on hydrogeological regime shifts in warming climate [abstr.]: in 39th International Association of Hydrogeologists congress; program and abstracts (Holysh, Steve, chairperson; et al.), Proceedings - International Association of Hydrogeologists Congress, 39, p. 194-195, 2012. Meeting: 39th International Association of Hydrogeologists congress, Sept. 16-21, 2012, Niagara Falls, ON, Canada.

14049773 Dvornikov, Y. (Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation); Buchhorn, Marcel; Frost, G.; Gerasimov, A.; Ermokhina, K.; Heim, Birgit; Khomutov, A.; Leibman, M. and Walker, D. A. Application of the remote-sensing data to permafrost mapping; a case study in central Yamal [abstr.]: in The 12th international circumpolar remote sensing symposium; polar regions in transformation; climatic change and anthropogenic pressures; book of abstracts (Colpaert, Alfred, editor; et al.), University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland, p. 35-36, 2012. WWW. Meeting: 12th international circumpolar remote sensing symposium, May 14-18, 2012, Levi, Finland. Also printed on p. 77-78. Accessed on March 5, 2013.

URL: http://alaska.usgs.gov/science/geography/CRSS2012/abstracts2012.pdf

14049768 Heim, Birgit (Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Potsdam, Germany); Bartsch, Annett; Elger, K.; Schwamborn, G.; Buchhorn, Marcel; Boike, J.; Lantuit, H.; Muster, S.; Langer, M.; Duguay, C.; Hachem, S.; Soliman, A.; Rinke, A.; Matthes, H. and Klehmet, K. User interaction within ESA DUE PERMAFROST; evaluation of circumpolar remote sensing products and their usability for models (permafrost and climate modelling) [abstr.]: in The 12th international circumpolar remote sensing symposium; polar regions in transformation; climatic change and anthropogenic pressures; book of abstracts (Colpaert, Alfred, editor; et al.), University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland, p. 12-13, 2012. WWW. Meeting: 12th international circumpolar remote sensing symposium, May 14-18, 2012, Levi, Finland. Accessed on March 5, 2013.

URL: http://alaska.usgs.gov/science/geography/CRSS2012/abstracts2012.pdf

14048159 Jepsen, Steven M. (U. S. Geological Survey, National Research Program, Denver, CO); Walvoord, Michelle A.; Voss, Clifford I.; Minsley, Burke J. and Rover, Jennifer. Linkages between changes in lake surface area and the distribution of permafrost Yukon Flats Basin, interior Alaska, USA [abstr.]: in 39th International Association of Hydrogeologists congress; program and abstracts (Holysh, Steve, chairperson; et al.), Proceedings - International Association of Hydrogeologists Congress, 39, p. 196, 2012. Meeting: 39th International Association of Hydrogeologists congress, Sept. 16-21, 2012, Niagara Falls, ON, Canada.

14048155 McKenzie, J. M. (McGill University, Earth and Planetary Sciences, Montreal, QC, Canada) and Voss, Clifford I. Groundwater flow in thawing permafrost systems [abstr.]: in 39th International Association of Hydrogeologists congress; program and abstracts (Holysh, Steve, chairperson; et al.), Proceedings - International Association of Hydrogeologists Congress, 39, p. 194, 2012. Meeting: 39th International Association of Hydrogeologists congress, Sept. 16-21, 2012, Niagara Falls, ON, Canada.

14052742 Michel, F. A. (Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada); van Everdingen, R. O.; Woo, M. K. and Dyke, L. Groundwater in the permafrost region of Canada [abstr.]: in 39th International Association of Hydrogeologists congress; program and abstracts, Proceedings - International Association of Hydrogeologists Congress, 39, p. 408, 2012. Meeting: 39th International Association of Hydrogeologists congress, Sept. 16-21, 2012, Niagara Falls, ON, Canada.

14048160 Utting, Nicholas (BGC Engineering, Vancouver, BC, Canada); Lauriol, Bernard; Mochnacz, Neil and Clarke, Ian. Noble gas and isotope geochemistry in Western Canadian Arctic watersheds; racing groundwater recharge in permafrost terrain [abstr.]: in 39th International Association of Hydrogeologists congress; program and abstracts (Holysh, Steve, chairperson; et al.), Proceedings - International Association of Hydrogeologists Congress, 39, p. 196-197, 2012. Meeting: 39th International Association of Hydrogeologists congress, Sept. 16-21, 2012, Niagara Falls, ON, Canada.

14048158 Voss, Clifford I. (U. S. Geological Survey); Abraham, Jared D.; Day-Lewis, Frederick D.; Jepsen, Steven M.; Minsley, Burke J.; Pastick, Neal; Rover, Jennifer; Smith, Bruce D.; Walvoord, Michelle A.; Wellman, Tristan P.; Wylie, Bruce K.; McKenzie, Jeffrey M. and Nolan, Jay. Geophysical permafrost mapping and permafrost-hydrology interaction; U.S. Geological Survey studies in Yukon Flats, Alaska, USA [abstr.]: in 39th International Association of Hydrogeologists congress; program and abstracts (Holysh, Steve, chairperson; et al.), Proceedings - International Association of Hydrogeologists Congress, 39, p. 195-196, 2012. Meeting: 39th International Association of Hydrogeologists congress, Sept. 16-21, 2012, Niagara Falls, ON, Canada.

14052506 Tokarev, I. V. Fingerprint of last glaciation on ²H and ¹⁸O in groundwater of north-east part of Baltic artesian basin [abstr.]: in Goldschmidt abstracts 2013, Mineralogical Magazine, 77(5), p. 2337, 2013. Meeting: Goldschmidt 2013, Aug. 25-30, 2013, Florence, Italy.

In the northern part of Baltic Artesian Basin (BAB) a groundwater of the multilayered hydrogeological system (mainly the Cambrian and Vendian aquifers) is the principal and most plentiful source for the public water supply in Russia and Estonia. But there are problems with the water quality in many sites due to high salinity and/or the specific components abundance. For example, the natural origin radionuclides (mainly Ra and Rn) and microelements (B, F, Fe, Mn etc.) exceed the sanitary limits. The BAB is characterized by the limited knowledge about the hydraulic boundaries conductivities of aquifers. Taking into account the complex geological history of the Baltic region in the Pleistocene and Holocene, the isotope archive is significant for the groundwater flow and mass-transport understanding. The stable isotopes (²H and ¹⁸O) were studied in the aquifers near north-east margin of BAB from a crystalline basement to Earth surface. The fingerprint of the Baltic ice lake is clearly fixed for Cambrian aquifer in Tallinn (Estonia). The lightest stable isotope composition of groundwater for Europe was found here (d²H=-160 ppm, d¹⁸O=-21 ppm, Raidla et al., 2009). The isotope composition of water is gradually weighted to the east direction and make up d²H=-125 ppm, d¹⁸O=-17 ppm near the boundary between Estonia and Russia, and d²H=-100 ppm, d¹⁸O=-13 ppm (that is like to modern precipitation) near the Ladoga lake. It seems, a relicts of the Eemian sea water also was obtained in some cases. It is the salty (M=4-6 g/l) and isotopically fractionated water, which have no ¹⁴C or have significant ¹⁴C age. Isotope composition is weighting, if the water is the thawed permafrost and become lighter, if it is the residual water after sediment freezing.

DOI: 10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.20

14055683 Vieira, Goncalo (University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal); Pina, Pedro; Mora, Carla and Correia, Antonio, editors. EUCOP4; book of abstracts: Abstracts - European Conference on Permafrost, 4, 520 p., illus., June 2014. Meeting: EUCOPA4; Fourth European conference on Permafrost, June 18-21, 2014, Evora, Portugal. Individual abstracts within scope are cited separately.

URL: https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/4653594/EUCOP4/2%20EUCOP4%20Book%20of%20Abst ...

14052474 Templeton, Alexis S. (University of Colorado, Boulder, CO); Lau, G.; Wright, K.; Williamson, C.; Spear, J. and Grasby, Steve E. Elemental sulfur biomineralization and preservation in glacial sulfide springs [abstr.]: in Goldschmidt abstracts 2013, Mineralogical Magazine, 77(5), p. 2321, 2013. Meeting: Goldschmidt 2013, Aug. 25-30, 2013, Florence, Italy.

Microbial activity can control the abundance and distribution of sulfur species in environments far from chemical equilibrium, including the precipitation of intracellular and extracellular elemental sulfur in association with organic structures such as surface coatings, cell surfaces, filaments and sheaths. However, the potential for the generation and preservation of S⁰ mineral deposits that could serve as biosignatures of microbial sulfur cycling has not been extensively investigated. We will present a combination of synchrotron based x-ray spectroscopic, Raman, and pyrosequencing-based 16S rRNA and metagenomic data obtained from elemental sulfur deposits produced annually on the ice surface at Borup Fiord Pass in the Canadian High Arctic to define feed-backs between the geochemistry, microbial community composition, gene abundance, production of organic rich matrices and the chemical speciation of S⁰-rich deposits during their rapid precipitation and long-term preservation. This presentation will integrate findings from recently papers by Gleeson et al.

DOI: 10.1180/minmag.2013.077.5.20

14054581 White, J. R. (Indiana University Bloomington, Department of Geological Sciences, Bloomington, IN); Webster, K. D. and Pratt, L. M. Methane concentration gradients associated with small, thermokarst lake on the ice-free margin of western Greenland: in 44th lunar and planetary science conference, Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 44, Paper 3105, illus., 2013. Meeting: 44th lunar and planetary science conference, March 18-22, 2013, Woodlands, TX. Accessed on Jan. 13, 2014.

URL: http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2013/pdf/3105.pdf

14047970 Ford, Derek (McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada). Carbonate aquifers, karst and glaciation in Canada; a review [abstr.]: in 39th International Association of Hydrogeologists congress; program and abstracts (Holysh, Steve, chairperson; et al.), Proceedings - International Association of Hydrogeologists Congress, 39, p. 103, 2012. Meeting: 39th International Association of Hydrogeologists congress, Sept. 16-21, 2012, Niagara Falls, ON, Canada.

14048161 Grasby, Stephen E. (Geological Survey of Canada, Calgary, AB, Canada) and Proemse, Bernadette C. Mars-like gully formation by perennial discharge of high latitude (81°N) saline springs [abstr.]: in 39th International Association of Hydrogeologists congress; program and abstracts (Holysh, Steve, chairperson; et al.), Proceedings - International Association of Hydrogeologists Congress, 39, p. 197, 2012. Meeting: 39th International Association of Hydrogeologists congress, Sept. 16-21, 2012, Niagara Falls, ON, Canada.

14052651 Hinton, M. J. (Geological Survey of Canada, Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada). Groundwater-surface water interactions in Canada [abstr.]: in 39th International Association of Hydrogeologists congress; program and abstracts, Proceedings - International Association of Hydrogeologists Congress, 39, p. 360, 2012. Meeting: 39th International Association of Hydrogeologists congress, Sept. 16-21, 2012, Niagara Falls, ON, Canada.

14049766 Kumpula, Timo (University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland) and Colpaert, Alfred. Palsa decay studied with aerial photography and RTK GPS measurements [abstr.]: in The 12th international circumpolar remote sensing symposium; polar regions in transformation; climatic change and anthropogenic pressures; book of abstracts (Colpaert, Alfred, editor; et al.), University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland, p. 82, 2012. WWW. Meeting: 12th international circumpolar remote sensing symposium, May 14-18, 2012, Levi, Finland. Poster. Accessed on March 5, 2013.

URL: http://alaska.usgs.gov/science/geography/CRSS2012/abstracts2012.pdf

14052754 Normani, Stefano D. (University of Waterloo, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Waterloo, ON, Canada) and Sykes, J. F. Sensitivity analysis of hydro-mechanical parameters for a density-dependent paleohydrogeologic flow simulation in fractured crystalline rock [abstr.]: in 39th International Association of Hydrogeologists congress; program and abstracts, Proceedings - International Association of Hydrogeologists Congress, 39, p. 414, 2012. Meeting: 39th International Association of Hydrogeologists congress, Sept. 16-21, 2012, Niagara Falls, ON, Canada.

14048157 Scheidegger, Johanna (University of East Anglia, School of Environmental Sciences, Norwich, United Kingdom) and Bense, Victor. Potential inflow of subglacial feed groundwater to proglacial lakes along the western margin of the Greenland ice sheet [abstr.]: in 39th International Association of Hydrogeologists congress; program and abstracts (Holysh, Steve, chairperson; et al.), Proceedings - International Association of Hydrogeologists Congress, 39, p. 195, 2012. Meeting: 39th International Association of Hydrogeologists congress, Sept. 16-21, 2012, Niagara Falls, ON, Canada.

14052736 Sharpe, D. R.; Russell, H. A. J.; Grasby, Steve E.; Michaud, Y.; Savard, Martine M. and Wei, Mike. Hydrogeological regions of Canada [abstr.]: in 39th International Association of Hydrogeologists congress; program and abstracts, Proceedings - International Association of Hydrogeologists Congress, 39, p. 404-405, 2012. Meeting: 39th International Association of Hydrogeologists congress, Sept. 16-21, 2012, Niagara Falls, ON, Canada.

14054582 Cadieux, S. B. (Indiana University Bloomington, Department of Geological Sciences, Bloomington, IN); Pratt, L. M. and White, J. R. Methane cycling in small, thermokarst lakes in southwestern Greenalnd as an analog for early, wet Mars: in 44th lunar and planetary science conference, Abstracts of Papers Submitted to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 44, Paper 2166, illus., 11 ref., 2013. Meeting: 44th lunar and planetary science conference, March 18-22, 2013, Woodlands, TX. Accessed on Jan. 13, 2014.

URL: http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2013/pdf/2166.pdf

14050098 Hansen, Jennifer (University of Waterloo, Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Waterloo, ON, Canada); Jones, Jon P.; Endres, Anthony L. and Steelman, Colby M. Monitoring winter processes using ground penetrating radar [abstr.]: in 39th International Association of Hydrogeologists congress; program and abstracts (Holysh, Steve, chairperson; et al.), Proceedings - International Association of Hydrogeologists Congress, 39, p. 241, 2012. Meeting: 39th International Association of Hydrogeologists congress, Sept. 16-21, 2012, Niagara Falls, ON, Canada.

14048101 Pandey, Priyanka (McGill University, Department of Bioresource Engineering, Montreal, QC, Canada); Gleeson, Tom and Baraer, Michel. Frozen groundwater seeps; a new method to quantify groundwater discharge from discrete features using thermal infrared imaging [abstr.]: in 39th International Association of Hydrogeologists congress; program and abstracts (Holysh, Steve, chairperson; et al.), Proceedings - International Association of Hydrogeologists Congress, 39, p. 166, 2012. Meeting: 39th International Association of Hydrogeologists congress, Sept. 16-21, 2012, Niagara Falls, ON, Canada.

14049782 Raynolds, Martha K. (University of Alaska-Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK); Walker, Donald A.; Kofinas, Gary P. and Ambrosius, Ken J. Sixty years of landscape change within an arctic oilfield, Prudhoe Bay, Alaska [abstr.]: in The 12th international circumpolar remote sensing symposium; polar regions in transformation; climatic change and anthropogenic pressures; book of abstracts (Colpaert, Alfred, editor; et al.), University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland, p. 73-74, 4 ref., 2012. WWW. Meeting: 12th international circumpolar remote sensing symposium, May 14-18, 2012, Levi, Finland. Poster. Accessed on March 5, 2013.

URL: http://alaska.usgs.gov/science/geography/CRSS2012/abstracts2012.pdf

14050301 Situm, Milan (Geophysics GPR International, Mississauga, ON, Canada); McClement, Ben and Arsenault, Jean-Luc. A new method for imaging soil and rock using a seismic technique; TISAR, with a groundwater case history [abstr.]: in 39th International Association of Hydrogeologists congress; program and abstracts (Holysh, Steve, chairperson; et al.), Proceedings - International Association of Hydrogeologists Congress, 39, p. 327, 2012. Meeting: 39th International Association of Hydrogeologists conference, Sept. 16-21, 2012, Niagara Falls, ON, Canada.

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